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Assaulting a prescribed emergency worker

There are two different offences of assaulting a police officer under South Australian legislation and the police may choose which offence they are to charge an offender with.

Aggravated Assault

A person commits this offence when they assault a police officer or other person engaged in a prescribed occupation or employment, knowing that the victim was acting in the course of their official duties, or, in the case of a police or other law enforcement officer, in retribution for something the offender believes they have done in the course of their duty [Criminal Law Consolidation Act 1935 (SA) s 5AA(1)(c) and (ka), s 20 and Criminal Law Consolidation (General) Regulations 2021 (SA) reg 4].

The maximum penalty is imprisonment for 5 years, or 7 years if the assault causes harm [s 20(3), (4)].

Assault Emergency Worker

There are also offences of assaulting a prescribed emergency worker or causing them harm under s 20AA. An assault, or harm, can include intentionally causing human biological material to come into contact with a victim or threatening to do so (for example, by spitting). There is also a separate offence of committing a prohibited act involving human biological material, see Prohibited act involving human biological material.

An emergency worker is prescribed in section 20AA(9) to include:

  • a police officer
  • a prison officer
  • a community corrections officer or community youth justice officer
  • an employee in a training centre
  • a person (health practitioner, nurse, nurse practitioner, midwife, security officer or otherwise) performing duties in a hospital, or at any other place where medical treatment is provided or medical testing undertaken (however described, including a general practice, medical centre or other place at which people are vaccinated or screened for diseases)
  • a person performing duties in the course of retrieval medicine
  • a medical or other health practitioner attending an out of hours or unscheduled call out or assessing, stabilising or treating a person at the scene of an accident in a rural area
  • a person (whether a pharmacist, pharmacy assistant or otherwise) performing duties in a pharmacy or providing pharmacy services at a place other than a pharmacy
  • a member of the SA Ambulance Service
  • a member of SAMFS, SACFS or SASES
  • a law enforcement officer
  • an inspector within the meaning of the Animal Welfare Act 1985 (SA)
  • any other person prescribed by regulation or engaged in an occupation or employment prescribed by the regulations for the purposes of section 5AA(1)(ka).

The maximum penalty for an assault under s 20AA is imprisonment for 5 years [s 20AA(3)]. The maximum penalty is imprisonment for 10 years if harm was caused recklessly or while hindering or resisting a police officer acting in the course of official duties [s 20AA(2), (4)], and 15 years if harm was caused intentionally [s 20AA(1)].

For the purposes of an offence against s 20AA, harm has the same meaning as in Division 7A s 21, namely physical or mental harm (whether temporary or permanent).

Commonwealth Frontline Workers

There are also federal offences under the Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth) that criminalise causing harm or threatening to cause harm to Commonwealth public officials [see Criminal Code Division 147]. Public officials include Commonwealth judicial officers, Commonwealth law enforcement officers (such as members of the Australian Federal Police) and Commonwealth frontline workers. A Commonwealth frontline worker is any Commonwealth public official who performs work that requires them to deal directly with the public. The penalty for an offence against Division 147 can be imprisonment for up to 13 years.

Assaulting a prescribed emergency worker  :  Last Revised: Wed Apr 16th 2025
The content of the Law Handbook is made available as a public service for information purposes only and should not be relied upon as a substitute for legal advice. See Disclaimer for details. For free and confidential legal advice in South Australia call 1300 366 424.